Drug Name,Pronunciation,Brand and Other Names,Description
"Acetaminophen, Sodium Bicarbonate, and Citric Acid (Systemic)","a-seat-a-MIN-oh-fen, SOE-dee-um bi-KAR-boe-nate, and SI-trik AS-id","United States: Bromo-Seltzer","Acetaminophen, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid combination is used to relieve pain occurring together with heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion. The acetaminophen in this combination medicine is the pain reliever. The sodium bicarbonate in this medicine is an antacid. It neutralizes stomach acid by combining with it to form a new substance that is not an acid. This medicine is available without a prescription; however, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper dose for your medical condition. Acetaminophen, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid combination is available in the following dosage form: Oral: Effervescent granules (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Unless otherwise directed by your doctor, do not take more of this medicine than is recommended on the package label. If too much is taken, liver damage or other serious side effects may occur. To use this medicine Dosing: The dose of this combination medicine will be different for different people. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of the acetaminophen in this combination medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For oral dosage form (effervescent granules) Missed dose: If your doctor has directed you to take this medicine according to a regular schedule and you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: If you are taking this medicine without a prescription, carefully read and follow any precautions on the label. For acetaminophen, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid combination, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to acetaminophen or aspirin, or to sodium bicarbonate. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Diet: Make certain your health care professional knows if you are on a low-sodium, low-sugar, or any other special diet. This medicine contains a large amount of sodium (more than 750 mg for each 325 mg of acetaminophen). Pregnancy: Although studies on birth defects have not been done in humans, the ingredients in this combination medicine have not been reported to cause birth defects in humans. However, you should avoid this medicine if you tend to retain (keep) body water because the sodium in it can cause the body to hold water. This can result in swelling and weight gain. Breast-feeding: Acetaminophen passes into the breast milk in small amounts. However, acetaminophen, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid have not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: Acetaminophen has been tested in children and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults. However, sodium bicarbonate should not be given to young children (under 6 years of age) unless ordered by their doctor. Small children with stomach problems usually cannot describe their symptoms very well. They should be checked by a doctor, because they may have a condition that needs other treatment. Older adults: Acetaminophen has been tested and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. However, the large amount of sodium in this combination medicine can be harmful to some elderly people. Therefore, it is best that older people not use this medicine for more than 5 days in a row, unless otherwise directed by their doctor. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this combination medicine, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of acetaminophen, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid combination. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Acetylcysteine (Inhalation)","a-se-teel-SIS-teen","United States: Mucomyst; Mucomyst-10; Mucosil. Canada: Mucomyst.","Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic (medicine that destroys or dissolves mucus). It is usually given by inhalation but may be given in other ways in a hospital. Acetylcysteine is used for certain lung conditions when increased amounts of mucus make breathing difficult. Acetylcysteine liquefies (thins) or dissolves mucus so that it may be coughed up. Sometimes the mucus may have to be removed by suction. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Inhalation: Solution (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Use acetylcysteine only as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of side effects. If you are using this medicine at home, make sure you understand exactly how to use it. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor. After using acetylcysteine, try to cough up the loosened or thinned mucus. If this does not work, it may have to be suctioned out. This will prevent too much mucus from building up in the lungs. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor. Dosing: The dose of acetylcysteine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of acetylcysteine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The amount of solution that you use depends on the strength of the medicine and the method of inhalation used. Also, the number of doses you use each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you use the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using acetylcysteine. For inhalation dosage form (solution) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, use it as soon as possible. Then use any remaining doses for that day at regularly spaced intervals. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For acetylcysteine, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to acetylcysteine. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Acetylcysteine has not been studied in pregnant women. However, acetylcysteine has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in animal studies when given in doses larger than the recommended human dose. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether acetylcysteine passes into the breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Although there is no specific information comparing use of acetylcysteine in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of acetylcysteine in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of acetylcysteine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Acitretin (Systemic)","a-si-TRE-tin","United States: Soriatane. Canada: Soriatane. Other commonly used names: 13-cis acitretin ; etretin; isoetretin","Acitretin is used to help relieve and control severe skin disorders, such as severe psoriasis. It works by allowing normal growth and development of the skin. Acitretin may continue to work after you stop taking it, but usually after a time, the skin condition returns and you may need to begin taking it again. Acitretin must not be used to treat women who are able to bear children unless other forms of treatment have been tried first and failed. Acitretin must not be taken during pregnancy because it causes birth defects in humans. If you are able to bear children, it is very important that you read, understand, and follow the pregnancy warnings for acitretin. You must take important precautions while taking acitretin and continue with them for a period of time after you stop taking the medicine. The precautions are: Women should not become pregnant and should use two methods of very effective birth control. The birth control methods should begin 1 month before starting the medicine and continue for at least 2 or 3 years after discontinuing the medicine or as directed by your doctor. Men and women should not donate blood for transfusion purposes during treatment and for 2 or 3 years after discontinuing the medicine or as directed by your doctor. Men and women should not drink alcohol during treatment and for 2 monthsafter discontinuing the medicine. If you do not think these precautions are reasonable, you should discuss this with your doctor before starting to take this medicine. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form(s): Oral: Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Patient information is usually provided with acitretin. Read it carefully before using this medicine. Take acitretin with a main meal or with a glass of milk. For women This medicine may cause birth defects. To make sure you are not pregnant before beginning treatment, your doctor will ask you to Dosing: The dose of acitretin will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of acitretin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of tablets that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking acitretin. For oral dosage form (tablets) Missed dose: Take the missed dose as soon as possible. However, if you do not remember the missed dose until the next day, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For acitretin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual reaction to acitretin, etretinate, isotretinoin, tretinoin, or vitamin Alike preparations, including vitamin A supplements. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Diet: Make certain your health care provider knows if you are on any special diet, such as a low-sodium, low-cholesterol, or low-sugar diet. Discuss with your doctor how often you drink alcohol, even if it is only an occasional drink. Pregnancy: Acitretin must not be taken during pregnancy. It has been shown to cause serious birth defects and other problems in humans. Before taking this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you may become pregnant. Beginning at least 1 month before you start to take acitretin, you should plan on using two effective forms of birth control to prevent pregnancy. In addition, since it is not known how long pregnancy should be avoided after treatment stops, you should plan not to become pregnant for at least 2 or 3 years after you stop taking acitretin or as directed by your doctor. If you become pregnant, stop taking the medicine and tell your doctor. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether acitretin passes into the breast milk. However, use of acitretin is not recommended during breast-feeding because it may cause unwanted effects in nursing babies. You also should plan not to breast-feed for at least 2 or 3 years after you stop taking acitretin. Children: This medicine has been tested in some children and has been shown not to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. However, children may be more sensitive to some of the medicine's effect on bones, which may prevent normal bone growth during puberty. This can cause them to grow up to be shorter adults than expected. Therefore, it is especially important that you discuss with the child's doctor the good that this medicine may do as well as the risks of using it. Older adults: This medicine has been tested and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. However, some older patients may have higher levels of the medicine in the blood stream as compared to younger adults, and they may be more sensitive to its effects. This may increase their chance of developing side effects during treatment. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together, even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking acitretin, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of acitretin. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur"
"Acyclovir (Systemic)","ay-SYE-kloe-veer","United States: Zovirax. Canada: Alti-Acyclovir; Avirax; Zovirax; Zovirax Wellstat Pac; Zovirax Zostab Pac. Other commonly used names: aciclovir","Acyclovir belongs to the family of medicines called antivirals, which are used to treat infections caused by viruses. Usually these medicines work for only one kind or group of virus infections. Acyclovir is used to treat the symptoms of chickenpox, shingles, herpes virus infections of the genitals (sex organs), the skin, the brain, and mucous membranes (lips and mouth), and widespread herpes virus infections in newborns. Acyclovir is also used to prevent recurrent genital herpes infections. Although acyclovir will not cure herpes, it does help relieve the pain and discomfort and helps the sores (if any) heal faster. Acyclovir may also be used for other virus infections as determined by your doctor. However, it does not work in treating certain virus infections, such as the common cold. Acyclovir is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Oral: Capsules (U.S.), Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Parenteral: Injection (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Patient information about the treatment of herpes, chickenpox, or shingles is available with this medicine. Read it carefully before using this medicine. Acyclovir is best used as soon as possible after the symptoms of herpes infection or shingles (for example, pain, burning, blisters) begin to appear. If you are taking acyclovir for the treatment of chickenpox , it is best to start taking acyclovir as soon as possible after the first sign of the chickenpox rash, usually within one day. Acyclovir capsules, tablets, and oral suspension may be taken with meals or on an empty stomach. Acyclovir is best taken with a full glass (8 ounces) of water. If you are using acyclovir oral suspension, use a specially marked measuring spoon or other device to measure each dose accurately. The average household teaspoon may not hold the right amount of liquid. To help clear up your herpes infection, chickenpox, or shingles, keep taking acyclovir for the full time of treatment, even if your symptoms begin to clear up after a few days. Do not miss any doses. However, do not use this medicine more often or for a longer time than your doctor ordered. Dosing: The dose of acyclovir will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of acyclovir. Your dose may be different if you have kidney disease. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of capsules or tablets or teaspoonfuls of suspension that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking acyclovir. For oral dosage forms (capsules, oral suspension, or tablets) Missed dose: If you do miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Additional Information: Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although not specifically included in product labeling, acyclovir by injection is used in certain patients with the following medical conditions Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For acyclovir, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to acyclovir or valacyclovir. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, sulfites or other preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Acyclovir has been used in pregnant women and has not been reported to cause birth defects or other problems. However, studies have not been done in humans. Studies in rats and rabbits have shown that acyclovir given by injection may keep the fetus from becoming attached to the lining of the uterus (womb). However, acyclovir has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in mice given many times the usual human dose, or in rats or rabbits given several times the usual human dose. Breast-feeding: Acyclovir passes into breast milk. However, it has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: A limited number of studies have been done using oral acyclovir in children, and it has not caused different effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: Agitation, confusion, dizziness, and drowsiness may be especially likely to occur in elderly patients who are usually more sensitive than younger adults to the central nervous system effects of acyclovir. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in many cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, changes in dose or other precautions may be necessary. If you are taking acyclovir it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of acyclovir. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur"
"Acyclovir (Topical)","ay-SYE-kloe-veer","United States: Zovirax. Canada: Zovirax. Other commonly used names: acyclovir ; acycloguanosine","Acyclovir belongs to the family of medicines called antivirals. Antivirals are used to treat infections caused by viruses. Usually they work for only one kind or group of virus infections. Topical acyclovir is used to treat the symptoms of herpes simplex virus infections of the skin, mucous membranes, and genitals (sex organs). Although topical acyclovir will not cure herpes simplex, it may help relieve the pain and discomfort and may help the sores (if any) heal faster. Topical acyclovir may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Acyclovir is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Topical: Cream (Canada), Ointment (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Acyclovir may come with patient information about herpes simplex infections. Read this information carefully. If you have any questions, check with your health care professional. Do not use this medicine in the eyes. Acyclovir is best used as soon as possible after the signs and symptoms of herpes infection (for example, pain, burning, or blisters) begin to appear. Use a finger cot or rubber glove when applying this medicine. This will help keep you from spreading the infection to other areas of your body and will prevent the transmission of the infection to other persons. Apply enough medicine to completely cover all the sores (blisters). A 1.25-centimeter (approximately -inch) strip of ointment applied to each area of the affected skin measuring 5 5 centimeters (approximately 2 2 inches) is usually enough, unless otherwise directed by your doctor. To help clear up your herpes infection, continue using acyclovir for the full time of treatment, even if your symptoms begin to clear up after a few days. Do not miss any doses. However, do not use this medicine more often or for a longer time than your doctor ordered. Dosing: The dose of topical acyclovir will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average dose of topical acyclovir. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For topical dosage form (cream) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For acyclovir, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to acyclovir. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as preservatives or dyes. Pregnancy: Topical acyclovir has not been studied in pregnant women. However, this medicine has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in animal studies using mice, rats, or rabbits, except when given in very high doses in a study using rats. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether topical acyclovir passes into the breast milk. However, acyclovir ointment has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies, even though small amounts of topical acyclovir are absorbed through the mother's skin and mucous membranes. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor, especially when lesions are present on or near the breast. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing use of topical acyclovir in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing the use of topical acyclovir in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other topical prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine that is to be applied to the same area of the skin. Other medical problems: Tell your doctor if your herpes simplex infection keeps coming back while you are using acyclovir. Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Adapalene (Topical)","a-DAP-a-leen","United States: Differin. Canada: Differin","Adapalene is used to treat acne. It works partly by keeping skin pores clear. Adapalene is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Topical: Gel (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: It is very important that you use this medicine only as directed. Do not use more of it, do not use it more often, and do not use it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may cause irritation of the skin. Do not apply this medicine to windburned or sunburned skin or on open wounds. Do not use this medicine in or around the eyes, lips, or inside of the nose. Spread the medicine away from these areas when applying. If the medicine accidently gets on these areas, wash with water at once. Apply the medicine to clean, dry areas of the skin affected by acne. Rub in gently and well. Wash your hands afterwards to remove any medicine that may remain on them. To help clear up your acne completely, it is very important that you keep using this medicine for the full time of treatment , even if your symptoms begin to clear up after a short time. If you stop using this medicine too soon, your acne may return or get worse. Dosing: Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of adapalene. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For topical dosage form (gel) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of applying the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For adapalene, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to adapalene. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Adapalene has not been studied in pregnant women. It is not recommended for use during pregnancy. Adapalene in large doses has been shown to cause some bone problems in the fetuses of some animals. Before using this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you are trying to become pregnant. Breast-feeding: It is not known if adapalene passes into breast milk. Children: Studies of this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing use of adapalene in children up to 12 years of age with use in other age groups. In teenagers, adapalene is not expected to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of adapalene in the elderly with use in other age groups. Older adults are not likely to develop acne. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are using any other topical prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine that is to be applied to the same area of the skin. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of adapalene. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Belladonna Alkaloids and Barbiturates (Systemic)","","United States: Antrocol; Barbidonna; Barbidonna No. 2; Barophen; Bellalphen; Butibel; Donnamor; Donnapine; Donnatal; Donnatal Extentabs; Donnatal No. 2; Donphen; Hyosophen; Kinesed; Malatal; Relaxadon; Spaslin; Spasmolin; Spasmophen; Spasquid; Susano. Canada: Donnatal; Donnatal Extentabs","Belladonna alkaloids and barbiturates are combination medicines taken to relieve cramping and spasms of the stomach and intestines. They are used also to decrease the amount of acid formed in the stomach. These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription in the following dosage forms: Oral: Atropine, Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, and Phenobarbital - Capsules (U.S.), Elixir (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada), Chewable tablets (U.S.), Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada). Atropine and Phenobarbital - Capsules (U.S.), Elixir (U.S.), Tablets (U.S.). Belladonna and Butabarbital - Elixir (U.S.), Tablets (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Take this medicine about to 1 hour before meals, unless otherwise directed by your doctor. Take this medicine only as directed. Do not take more or less of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of side effects. Dosing: The dose of belladonna alkaloids and barbiturates combination will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of these combination medicines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of capsules or tablets or the amount of solution you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking these combination products. For atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine, and phenobarbital combination Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For belladona alkaloids and barbiturates, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to belladonna alkaloids (atropine, belladonna, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine) or to barbiturates (butabarbital, phenobarbital). Also, tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Belladonna alkaloids have not been shown to cause problems in humans. However, barbiturates (contained in this medicine) have been shown to increase the chance of birth defects in humans. Also, when taken during pregnancy, barbiturates may cause bleeding problems in the newborn baby. Be sure that you have discussed this with your doctor before taking this medicine. Breast-feeding: Belladonna alkaloids or barbiturates have not been shown to cause problems in nursing babies. However, traces of the belladonna alkaloids and barbiturates pass into the breast milk. Also, because the belladonna alkaloids tend to decrease the secretions of the body, it is possible that the flow of breast milk may be reduced in some patients. Children: Severe side effects may be more likely to occur in infants and children, especially those with spastic paralysis or brain damage. Unusual excitement, nervousness, restlessness, or irritability and unusual warmth, dryness, and flushing of skin are more likely to occur in children, who are usually more sensitive to the effects of belladonna alkaloids. Also, when belladonna alkaloids are given to children during hot weather, a rapid increase in body temperature may occur. In addition, the barbiturate in this medicine could cause some children to become hyperactive. Older adults: Confusion or memory loss; constipation; difficult urination; drowsiness; dryness of mouth, nose, throat, or skin; and unusual excitement, nervousness, restlessness, or irritability may be more likely to occur in the elderly, who are usually more sensitive than younger adults to the effects of belladonna alkaloids and barbiturates. Also, eye pain may occur, which may be a sign of glaucoma. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking belladonna alkaloids and barbiturates, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of belladonna alkaloids and barbiturates. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Bentiromide (Diagnostic)","ben-TEER-oh-mide","","Bentiromide is used to help find out if the pancreas is working the way it should. The pancreas helps break down the bentiromide almost the same way it helps to break down food. After bentiromide is broken down, a part of it appears in the urine. By measuring how much appears in the urine, your doctor can tell how well your pancreas is working. How the test is done: Bentiromide is given by mouth as a single dose. After you take bentiromide, all of your urine is collected for the next six hours. The total amount is measured and a small sample is saved and examined. Your doctor may repeat the test after seven days. This medicine was withdrawn from the U.S. market in October 1996. Last Reviewed: 10/16/2000 Before Having This Test: In deciding to use a diagnostic test, any risks of the test must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. Also, test results may be affected by other things. For the test using bentiromide, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to bentiromide. Also tell your doctor if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Diet: Eating prunes or cranberries shortly before the bentiromide test period starts will affect test results. Avoid these foods for 3 days before the test. Pregnancy: Studies with bentiromide have not been done in pregnant women. However, in animal studies bentiromide has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether bentiromide passes into the breast milk. However, this medicine has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in older children and adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing use of bentiromide in children up to 6 years of age with use in other age groups. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of bentiromide in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking bentiromide it is especially important that your doctor know if you are taking or using any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the results of the test. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially"
"Bentoquatam (Topical)","BEN-toe-kwa-tam","United States: Ivy Block","Bentoquatam protects the skin like a shield against poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac by physically blocking skin contact with their resin. The best protection against getting these conditions is to avoid contact with these plants. This medicine does not dry oozing and weeping caused by the rash of poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac. Bentoquatam is available without prescription in the following dosage form: Topical: Lotion (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Although this medicine provides some protection, avoiding contact with poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac is best. Do not use this medicine in or near the eyes. If this medicine does get into your eyes, wash them out immediately for 20 minutes with large amounts of cool tap water. If your eyes still burn or are painful, check with your doctor. To use bentoquatam lotion Dosing: Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average dose of bentoquatam. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For prevention of skin irritation from poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac (allergic contact dermatitis) Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: If you are using this medicine without a prescription, carefully read and follow any precautions on the label. For bentoquatam, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to bentoquatam. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in humans. Breast-feeding: Bentoquatam has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: Although there is no specific information comparing use of bentoquatam in children 6 years of age or older with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in these children than it does in adults. Use is not recommended for children up to 6 years of age. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of bentoquatam in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other topical prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine that is to be applied to the same area of the skin. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of bentoquatam. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Benznidazole (Systemic)","benz-NYE-da-zole","Other commonly used names: Radanil; Rochagan; Ro7-1051","Benznidazole belongs to a group of medicines called antiprotozoals. It is used to treat an infection called American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease). Benznidazole works by killing the protozoa (tiny, one-celled animals). Benznidazole is available only with your doctor's prescription in the following dosage form: Oral: Tablets (Brazil). Proper Use of This Medicine: Take this medicine with meals, preferably after breakfast and after supper, to decrease the chance of stomach upset. If you get an upset stomach (diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, or vomiting) and it continues, check with your doctor. To help clear up your infection, take this medicine exactly as directed by your doctor for the full time of treatment. Dosing: The dose of benznidazole will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of benznidazole. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For oral dosage form (tablets) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For benznidazole, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to benznidazole. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies have not been done in pregnant women. The World Health Organization (WHO) does not recommend the use of benznidazole during the first 3 months of pregnancy. However, this medicine has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in animal studies. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether benznidazole passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Although there is no specific information comparing use of benznidazole in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of benznidazole in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking benznidazole, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of benznidazole. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Benzodiazepines (Systemic)","(ben-zoe-dye-AZ-e-peens)","United States: Alprazolam Intensol; Ativan; Dalmane; Diastat; Diazepam Intensol; Dizac; Doral; Halcion; Klonopin; Librium; Lorazepam Intensol; Paxipam; Pro Som; Restoril; Serax; Tranxene-SD; Tranxene-SD Half Strength; Tranxene T-Tab; Valium; Xanax. Canada: Alti-Alprazolam; Alti-Bromazepam; Alti-Clonazepam; Alti-Triazolam; Apo-Alpraz; Apo-Chlordiazepoxide; Apo-Clonazepam; Apo-Clorazepate; Apo-Diazepam; Apo-Flurazepam; Apo-Lorazepam; Apo-Oxazepam; Apo-Temazepam; Apo-Triazo; Ativan; Clonapam; Dalmane; Diazemuls; Frisium; Gen-Alprazolam; Gen-Bromazepam; Gen-Clonazepam; Gen-Triazolam; Halcion; Lectopam; Mogadon; Novo-Alprazol; Novo-Clopate; Novo-Dipam; Novo-Flupam; Novo-Lorazem; Novo-Poxide; Novo-Temazepam; Novo-Triolam; Novoxapam; Nu-Alpraz; Nu-Loraz; PMS-Clonazepam; PMS-Diazepam; Restoril; Rivotril; Serax; Somnol; Tranxene; Valium; Vivol; Xanax; Xanax TS","Benzodiazepines belong to the group of medicines called central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that slow down the nervous system). Some benzodiazepines are used to relieve anxiety. However, benzodiazepines should not be used to relieve nervousness or tension caused by the stress of everyday life. Some benzodiazepines are used to treat insomnia (trouble in sleeping). However, if used regularly (for example, every day) for insomnia, they usually are not effective for more than a few weeks. Many of the benzodiazepines are used in the treatment of other conditions, also. Diazepam is used to help relax muscles or relieve muscle spasm. Diazepam injection is used before some medical procedures to relieve anxiety and to reduce memory of the procedure. Chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, diazepam, and oxazepam are used to treat the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Alprazolam and clonazepam are used in the treatment of panic disorder. Clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, diazepam, and lorazepam are used in the treatment of certain convulsive (seizure) disorders, such as epilepsy. The benzodiazepines may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Benzodiazepines may be habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence), especially when taken for a long time or in high doses. These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Oral: Alprazolam - Oral solution (U.S.), Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Bromazepam - Tablets (Canada). Chlordiazepoxide - Capsules (U.S. and Canada). Clobazam - Tablets (Canada). Clonazepam - Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Clorazepate - Capsules (Canada), Tablets (U.S.), Extended-release tablets (U.S.). Diazepam - Oral solution (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Estazolam - Tablets (U.S.). Flurazepam - Capsules (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (Canada). Halazepam - Tablets (U.S.). Lorazepam - Oral concentrate (U.S.), Tablets (U.S. and Canada), Sublingual tablets (Canada). Nitrazepam - Tablets (Canada). Oxazepam - Capsules (U.S.), Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Quazepam - Tablets (U.S.). Temazepam - Capsules (U.S. and Canada). Triazolam - Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Parenteral: Chlordiazepoxide - Injection (U.S.). Diazepam - Injection (U.S. and Canada). Lorazepam - Injection (U.S. and Canada). Rectal: Diazepam - For rectal solution (may be prepared in U.S. and Canada from diazepam injection), Rectal gel (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: For caregivers administering diazepam rectal gel Dosing: The dose of benzodiazepines will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of benzodiazepines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of capsules or tablets, or the amount of solution that you take, or the number of injections you receive, depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking benzodiazepines. For alprazolam Missed dose: If you are taking this medicine regularly (for example, every day as for epilepsy) and you miss a dose, take it right away if you remember within an hour or so of the missed dose. However, if you do not remember until later, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Additional Information: Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, some of the benzodiazepines are used in certain patients with the following medical conditions Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For benzodiazepines, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to benzodiazepines. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Certain benzodiazepine products may contain lactose, parabens, or soybean oil. Pregnancy: Chlordiazepoxide and diazepam have been reported to increase the chance of birth defects when used during the first 3 months of pregnancy. Although similar problems have not been reported with the other benzodiazepines, the chance always exists since all of the benzodiazepines are related. Studies in animals have shown that clonazepam, lorazepam, and temazepam cause birth defects or other problems, including death of the animal fetus. Too much use of a benzodiazepine during pregnancy may cause the baby to become dependent on the medicine. This may lead to withdrawal side effects after birth. Also, use of benzodiazepines during pregnancy, especially during the last weeks, may cause body temperature problems, breathing problems, difficulty in feeding, drowsiness, or muscle weakness in the newborn infant. Benzodiazepines given just before or during labor may cause weakness in the newborn infant. When diazepam is given in high doses (especially by injection) within 15 hours before delivery, it may cause breathing problems, muscle weakness, difficulty in feeding, and body temperature problems in the newborn infant. Breast-feeding: Benzodiazepines may pass into the breast milk and cause drowsiness, difficulty in feeding, and weight loss in nursing babies of mothers taking these medicines. Children: Most of the side effects of these medicines are more likely to occur in children, especially the very young. These patients are usually more sensitive than adults to the effects of benzodiazepines. It is possible that using clonazepam for long periods of time may cause unwanted effects on physical and mental growth in children. If such effects do occur, they may not be noticed until many years later. Before this medicine is given to children for long periods of time, you should discuss its use with your child's doctor. Older adults: Most of the side effects of these medicines are more likely to occur in the elderly, who are usually more sensitive to the effects of benzodiazepines. Taking benzodiazepines for trouble in sleeping may cause more daytime drowsiness in elderly patients than in younger adults. In addition, falls and related injuries are more likely to occur in elderly patients taking benzodiazepines. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking or receiving benzodiazepines it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of benzodiazepines. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Calcitonin (Systemic)","kal-si-TOE-nin","United States: Calcimar; Cibacalcin; Miacalcin. Canada: Calcimar","Calcitonin is used to treat Paget's disease of bone. It also may be used to prevent continuing bone loss in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis and to treat hypercalcemia (too much calcium in the blood). This medicine may be used to treat other conditions as determined by your doctor. Calcitonin is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Parenteral: Calcitonin-Human - Injection (U.S.). Calcitonin-Salmon - Injection (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: This medicine is for injection only. If you will be giving yourself the injections, make sure you understand exactly how to give them, including how to fill the syringe before injection. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor. Use the calcitonin only when the contents of the syringe are clear and colorless. Do not use it if it looks grainy or discolored. Dosing: The dose of calcitonin will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of calcitonin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of doses you receive, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you receive the medicine depends on the medical problem for which you are receiving calcitonin. For calcitonin-human Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine and your dosing schedule is Storage: To store this medicine Additional Information: Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although this use is not included in product labeling, calcitonin is used in certain patients with the following medical condition Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For calcitonin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to calcitonin or other proteins. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Diet: Make certain your health care professional knows if your diet includes large amounts of calcium-containing foods and/or vitamin D-containing foods, such as milk or other dairy products. Calcium and vitamin D may cause the calcitonin to be less effective in treating a high blood calcium. Also let your health care professional know if you are on any special diet, such as low-sodium or low-sugar diet. Pregnancy: Calcitonin has not been studied in pregnant women. However, in animal studies, calcitonin has been shown to lower the birth weight of the baby when the mother was given a dose of calcitonin many times the human dose. Breast-feeding: Calcitonin has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. However, studies in animals have shown that calcitonin may decrease the flow of breast milk. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing the use of calcitonin in children with use in other age groups. Therefore, be sure to discuss with your doctor the use of this medicine in children. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing the use of calcitonin in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Calcitonin is often used in elderly patients. Other medicine: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Calcium Acetate (Systemic)","KAL-see-um ASS-a-tate","United States: Phos Lo","Calcium acetate is used to treat hyperphosphatemia (too much phosphate in the blood) in patients with kidney disease. Calcium acetate works by binding with the phosphate in the food you eat, so that it is eliminated from the body without being absorbed. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Oral: Tablets (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Take this medicine with meals. Dosing: The dose of calcium acetate will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average dose of calcium acetate. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. - For oral dosage form (tablets) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For calcium acetate, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to calcium acetate. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies on the effects of calcium acetate when taken during pregnancy have not been done in either humans or animals. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether calcium acetate passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are using this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in adult patients and there is no specific information comparing use of calcium acetate in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of calcium acetate in elderly patients with use in other adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking calcium acetate, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of calcium acetate. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur"
"Calcium Channel Blocking Agents (Systemic)","","United States: Adalat; Adalat CC; Calan; Calan SR; Cardene; Cardizem; Cardizem CD; Cardizem SR; Dilacor-XR; Dyna Circ; Isoptin; Isoptin SR; Nimotop; Norvasc; Plendil; Procardia; Procardia XL; Vascor; Verelan. Canada: Adalat; Adalat PA; Adalat XL; Apo-Diltiaz; Apo-Nifed; Apo-Verap; Cardizem; Cardizem SR; Isoptin; Isoptin SR; Nimotop; Norvasc; Novo-Diltazem; Novo-Nifedin; Novo-Veramil; Nu-Diltiaz; Nu-Nifed; Nu-Verap; Plendil; Renedil; Sibelium; Verelan","Amlodipine, bepridil, diltiazem, felodipine, flunarizine, isradipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nimodipine, and verapamil belong to the group of medicines called calcium channel blocking agents. Calcium channel blocking agents affect the movement of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels. As a result, they relax blood vessels and increase the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while reducing its workload. Some of the calcium channel blocking agents are used to relieve and control angina pectoris (chest pain). Some are also used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). High blood pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries. If it continues for a long time, the heart and arteries may not function properly. This can damage the blood vessels of the brain, heart, and kidneys, resulting in a stroke, heart failure, or kidney failure. High blood pressure may also increase the risk of heart attacks. These problems may be less likely to occur if blood pressure is controlled. Flunarizine is used to prevent migraine headaches. Nimodipine is used to prevent and treat problems caused by a burst blood vessel around the brain (also known as a ruptured aneurysm or subarachnoid hemorrhage). Other calcium channel blocking agents may also be used for these and other conditions as determined by your doctor. These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Oral: Amlodipine - Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Bepridil - Tablets (U.S.). Diltiazem - Extended-release capsules (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Felodipine - Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada). Flunarizine - Capsules (Canada). Isradipine - Capsules (U.S.). Nicardipine - Capsules (U.S.). Nifedipine - Capsules (U.S. and Canada), Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada). Nimodipine - Capsules (U.S. and Canada). Verapamil - Extended-release capsules (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada), Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada). Parenteral: Diltiazem - Injection (U.S. and Canada). Verapamil - Injection (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Take this medicine exactly as directed even if you feel well and do not notice any signs of chest pain. Do not take more of this medicine and do not take it more often than your doctor ordered. Do not miss any doses. For patients taking amlodipine Dosing: The dose of these medicines will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of these medicines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of capsules or tablets that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking calcium channel blocking agents. For amlodipine Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Additional Information: Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, calcium channel blocking agents are used in certain patients with the following medical conditions Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For the calcium channel blocking agents, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to amlodipine, bepridil, diltiazem, felodipine, flunarizine, isradipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nimodipine, or verapamil. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Calcium channel blocking agents have not been studied in pregnant women. However, studies in animals have shown that large doses of calcium channel blocking agents cause birth defects, prolonged pregnancy, poor bone development in the offspring, and stillbirth. Breast-feeding: Although bepridil, diltiazem, nifedipine, verapamil, and possibly other calcium channel blocking agents, pass into breast milk, they have not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: Although there is no specific information comparing use of this medicine in children with use in other age groups, it is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: Elderly people may be especially sensitive to the effects of calcium channel blocking agents. This may increase the chance of side effects during treatment. A lower starting dose may be required. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When taking calcium channel blocking agents it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of the calcium channel blocking agents. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Capecitabine (Systemic)","ka-pe-SITE-a-been","United States: Xeloda. Canada: Xeloda","Capecitabine belongs to the group of medicines called antimetabolites. It is used to treat breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Capecitabine interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are eventually destroyed. Since the growth of normal cells may also be affected by the medicine, other effects will also occur. Some of these may be serious and must be reported to your doctor. Other effects may not be serious but may cause concern. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Oral: Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Each dose of this medicine should be taken within 30 minutes after the end of a meal. Swallow the tablets with water. Dosing: The dose of capecitabine will be different for different patients. The dose that is used depends on a number of things, including the patient's body size. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of capecitabine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. If you have any questions about the proper dose of capecitabine, ask your doctor. For oral dosage form (tablets) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, do not take the missed dose at all and do not double the next one. Instead, go back to your regular dosing schedule and check with your doctor. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For capecitabine, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to capecitabine or to fluorouracil. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: It is best to avoid pregnancy during treatment with this medicine. Studies in animals have found that capecitabine causes birth defects and death of the fetus. Be sure that you have discussed this with your doctor before starting treatment with this medicine. Also, tell your doctor right away if you think you have become pregnant while taking this medicine. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether capecitabine passes into human breast milk. However, because this medicine may cause serious side effects, breast-feeding generally is not recommended while you are taking it. Children: There is no specific information comparing use of capecitabine in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: Patients 80 years of age or older may be more sensitive to the effects of capecitabine. Severe diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting may be more likely to occur in these patients. Patients 60 years of age and older and/or who are also taking an anticoagulant (blood thinner), may be more likely to have blood clotting problems. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking capecitabine, it is especially important that your health care professional knows if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of capecitabine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Stop taking this medicine and check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur"
"Capreomycin (Systemic)","kap-ree-oh-MYE-sin","United States: Capastat. Canada: Capastat","Capreomycin is used to treat tuberculosis (TB). It is given with other medicines for TB. To help clear up your tuberculosis (TB) completely, you must keep taking this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better. This is very important. It is also important that you do not miss any doses. Capreomycin is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Parenteral: Injection (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: To help clear up your infection completely, it is very important that you keep taking this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better after a few weeks. You may have to use it every day for as long as 1 to 2 years or more. If you stop using this medicine too soon, your symptoms may return. Dosing: The dose of capreomycin will be different for different patients. The following information includes only the average doses of capreomycin. Your dose may be different if you have kidney disease. For injection dosage form Before Receiving This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For capreomycin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to capreomycin. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Capreomycin has not been studied in pregnant women. However, studies in rats given 3 times the human dose have shown that capreomycin may cause birth defects. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether capreomycin passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing use of capreomycin in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of capreomycin in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are receiving capreomycin, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of capreomycin. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially"
"Capsaicin (Topical)","cap-SAY-sin","United States: Zostrix; Zostrix-HP. Canada: Zostrix; Zostrix-HP","Capsaicin is used to help relieve a certain type of pain known as neuralgia (new-RAL-ja ). Capsaicin is also used to temporarily help relieve the pain from osteoarthritis (OS-te-o-ar-THRI-tis ) or rheumatoid arthritis ( ROO-ma-toid ar-THRI-tis). This medicine will not cure any of these conditions. Neuralgia is a pain from the nerves near the surface of your skin. This pain may occur after an infection with herpes zoster (shingles). It may also occur if you have diabetic neuropathy ( di-a-BET-ick new-ROP-a-thee). Diabetic neuropathy is a condition that occurs in some persons with diabetes. The condition causes tingling and pain in the feet and toes. Capsaicin will help relieve the pain of diabetic neuropathy, but it will not cure diabetic neuropathy or diabetes. Capsaicin may also be used for neuralgias or itching of the skin caused by other conditions as determined by your doctor. Capsaicin is available without a prescription; however, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper use of this medicine. Topical: Cream (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: If you are using capsaicin for the treatment of neuralgia caused by herpes zoster, do not apply the medicine until the zoster sores have healed. It is not necessary to wash the areas to be treated before you apply capsaicin, but doing so will not cause harm. Apply a small amount of cream and use your fingers to rub it well into the affected area so that little or no cream is left on the surface of the skin afterwards. Wash your hands with soap and water after applying capsaicin to avoid getting the medicine in your eyes or on other sensitive areas of the body. However, if you are using capsaicin for arthritis in your hands, do not wash your hands for at least 30 minutes after applying the cream. If a bandage is being used on the treated area, it should not be applied tightly. When you first begin to use capsaicin, a warm, stinging, or burning sensation (feeling) may occur. This sensation is related to the action of capsaicin on the skin and is to be expected. Although this sensation usually disappears after the first several days of treatment, it may last 2 to 4 weeks or longer. Heat, humidity, clothing, bathing in warm water, or sweating may increase the sensation. However, the sensation usually occurs less often and is less severe the longer you use the medicine. Reducing the number of doses of capsaicin that you use each day will not lessen the sensation and may lengthen the period of time that you get the sensation. Also, reducing the number of doses you use may reduce the amount of pain relief that you get. Capsaicin must be used regularly every day as directed if it is to work properly. Even then, it may not relieve your pain right away. The length of time it takes to work depends on the type of pain you have. In persons with arthritis, pain relief usually begins within 1 to 2 weeks. In most persons with neuralgia, relief usually begins within 2 to 4 weeks, although with head and neck neuralgias, relief may take as long as 4 to 6 weeks. Once capsaicin has begun to relieve pain, you must continue to use it regularly 3 or 4 times a day to keep the pain from returning. If you stop using capsaicin and your pain returns, you can begin using it again. Dosing: The dose of capsaicin may be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average dose of capsaicin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For topical dosage form (cream) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, use it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: If you are using this medicine without a prescription, carefully read and follow any precautions on the label. For capsaicin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your health care professional if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to capsaicin or to the fruit of Capsicum plants (for example, hot peppers). Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Capsaicin has not been reported to cause birth defects or other problems in humans. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether capsaicin passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are using this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Use is not recommended for infants and children up to 2 years of age, except as directed by your doctor. In children 2 years of age and older, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of capsaicin in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of capsaicin. Make sure you tell your health care professional if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Carbachol (Ophthalmic)","KAR-ba-kole","United States: Carbastat; Carboptic; Isopto Carbachol; Miostat. Canada: Carbastat; Isopto Carbachol; Miostat. Other commonly used names: carbamylcholine","Carbachol is used in the eye to treat glaucoma. Sometimes it is also used in eye surgery. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Ophthalmic: Intraocular solution (U.S. and Canada), Ophthalmic solution (eye drops) (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Use this medicine only as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of too much medicine being absorbed into the body and the chance of side effects. To use Dosing: The dose of carbachol will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of carbachol. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For glaucoma Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For carbachol, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to carbachol. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as preservatives. Pregnancy: Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in either humans or animals. However, carbachol may be absorbed into the body. Breast-feeding: Carbachol may be absorbed into the mother's body. However, it is not known whether carbachol passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are using this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Although there is no specific information comparing use of carbachol in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of carbachol in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of carbachol. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Carbamazepine (Systemic)","kar-ba-MAZ-e-peen","United States: Atretol; Carbatrol; Epitol; Tegretol; Tegretol-XR. Canada: Apo-Carbamazepine; Novo-Carbamaz; Nu-Carbamazepine; Taro-Carbamazepine; Taro-Carbamazepine CR; Tegretol; Tegretol Chewtabs; Tegretol CR","Carbamazepine is used to control some types of seizures in the treatment of epilepsy. It is also used to relieve pain due to trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux). It should not be used for other more common aches or pains. Carbamazepine may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Oral: Oral Suspension (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada), Chewable tablets (U.S. and Canada), Extended-release capsules (U.S.), Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Carbamazepine suspension and tablets should be taken with meals to lessen the chance of stomach upset (nausea and vomiting). Carbamazepine extended-release capsules do not need to be taken with meals unless they upset your stomach. The contents of these extended-release capsules may be sprinkled over a teaspoonful of applesauce or other similar food; the capsule or its contents should not be crushed or chewed. It is very important that you take this medicine exactly as directed by your doctor to obtain the best results and lessen the chance of serious side effects. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. If you are taking this medicine for pain relief Dosing: The dose of carbamazepine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of carbamazepine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of tablets or teaspoonfuls of suspension that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking carbamazepine. For oral dosage form (suspension) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. However, if you miss more than one dose a day, check with your doctor. Storage: To store this medicine Additional Information: Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, carbamazepine is used in certain patients with the following medical conditions Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For carbamazepine, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to carbamazepine or to any of the tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitriptyline, amoxapine, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, nortriptyline, protriptyline, or trimipramine. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Carbamazepine has not been studied in pregnant women. However, there have been reports of babies having low birth weight, small head size, skull and facial defects, underdeveloped fingernails, and delays in growth when their mothers had taken carbamazepine in high doses during pregnancy. In addition, birth defects have been reported in some babies when the mothers took other medicines for epilepsy during pregnancy. Also, studies in animals have shown that carbamazepine causes birth defects when given in large doses. Therefore, the use of carbamazepine during pregnancy should be discussed with your doctor. Breast-feeding: Carbamazepine passes into the breast milk, and in some cases the baby may receive enough of it to cause unwanted effects. In animal studies, carbamazepine has affected the growth and appearance of the nursing babies. Children: Behavior changes are more likely to occur in children. Older adults: Confusion; restlessness and nervousness; irregular, pounding, or unusually slow heartbeat; and chest pain may be especially likely to occur in elderly patients, who are usually more sensitive than younger adults to the effects of carbamazepine. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking carbamazepine, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of carbamazepine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Carbetocin (Systemic)","car-bi-TOE-sin","Canada: Duratocin","Carbetocin is a hormone used to control bleeding after delivery. Carbetocin is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Parenteral: Injection (Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Dosing - The following information includes the average dose of carbetocin. - For helping to control bleeding after delivery Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking this medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For carbetocin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to oxytocin or carbetocin. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Carbetocin must not be given before delivery of the baby because it may cause serious problems in the baby and the mother. Breast-feeding: Although very small amounts of this medicine pass into breast milk, it has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC] medicine. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of carbetocin. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially: Heart or blood vessel disease This medicine should be used with caution. Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. More common Abdominal pain, dizziness, faintness, feeling of warmth, headache, light-headedness, itching skin, trembling, unusual tiredness or weakness. Less common Chest pain, chills, fast heartbeat, nervousness, pain, pale skin, shortness of breath. Other side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome. More Common Nausea, vomiting. Less common Back pain, metallic taste, sweating. Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor."
"Carbohydrates and Electrolytes (Systemic)","","United States: Infalyte; Kao Lectrolyte; Naturalyte; Oralyte; Pedialyte; Pedialyte Freezer Pops; Rehydralyte; Resol. Canada: Lytren; Gastrolyte; Pedialyte; Rapolyte. Other commonly used names: oral rehydration salts; ORS-bicarbonate; ORS-citrate","Carbohydrate and electrolytes combination is used to treat or prevent dehydration (the loss of too much water from the body) that may occur with severe diarrhea, especially in babies and young children. Although this medicine does not immediately stop the diarrhea, it replaces the water and some important salts (electrolytes), such as sodium and potassium, that are lost from the body during diarrhea, and helps prevent more serious problems. Some carbohydrate and electrolytes solutions may also be used after surgery when food intake has been stopped. This medicine is available without a prescription; however, your doctor may have special instructions on the proper use and dose for you or your child. Carbohydrate and electrolytes combination is available in the following dosage forms: Oral: Solution (U.S. and Canada), Powder for oral solution (Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: For patients using the commercial powder form of this medicine Dosing: The dose of these combination medicines will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of these medicines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For dextrose and electrolytes and for rice syrup solids and electrolytes Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: If you are taking this medicine without a prescription, carefully read and follow any precautions on the label. For carbohydrate and electrolytes solutions, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your health care professional if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to medicines containing potassium, sodium, citrates, rice, or sugar. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Carbohydrate and electrolytes solutions have not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in humans. Breast-feeding: This medicine has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Breast-feeding should continue, if possible, during treatment with carbohydrate and electrolytes solution. Children: This medicine has been tested in children and, in effective doses, appears to be safe and effective in children. This medicine has not been tested in premature infants. Older adults: This medicine has been tested and has been shown to be well tolerated by older people. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of carbohydrate and electrolytes solutions. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Carbol-Fuchsin (Topical)","kar-bol-FOOK-sin","United States: Castellani Paint Modified (Color). Other commonly used names: Castellani Paint","Carbol-fuchsin is used to treat postoperative phenol nail procedures. It may also be used as a first aid antiseptic drying agent in skin conditions where there is too much moisture. This medicine may also be used for other infections as determined by your doctor. This medicine is available without a prescription; however, your doctor may have special instructions on the use of topical carbol-fuchsin solution for your medical condition. Topical carbol-fuchsin is available in the following dosage form: Topical: Solution (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Carbol-fuchsin is a poison if swallowed. Use only on the affected areas as directed. Do not swallow this medicine. Do not use near the eyes or over large areas of the body. Do not use on deep wounds, puncture wounds, animal bites, or serious burns. Before applying this medicine, wash the affected areas with soap and water, and dry thoroughly. Using an applicator or swab, apply this medicine only to the affected areas. Do not bandage the area. Dosing: The dose of carbol-fuchsin will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of carbol-fuchsin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For topical dosage form (solution) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: If you are using this medicine without a prescription, carefully read and follow any precautions on the label. For carbol-fuchsin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to carbol-fuchsin. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as preservatives or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies in humans have not shown that carbol-fuchsin causes birth defects or other problems in humans. Breast-feeding: Carbol-fuchsin has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: If you are treating an infant or child with eczema, do not use carbol-fuchsin more than once a day. Although there is no specific information comparing use of carbol-fuchsin in children treated for other conditions with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of carbol-fuchsin in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other topical prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine that is to be applied to the same area of the skin. Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Drospirenone and Ethinyl Estradiol (Systemic)","draw-SPEER-a-none and ETH-in-il es-tra-DYE-ole","United States: Yasmin","Drospirenone and Ethinyl Estradiol This medicine is known also as the Pill, OCs, BCs, BC tablets, or birth control pills. This medicine usually contains two types of hormones, estrogens ( ES-troh-jenz ) and progestins (proh-JES-tins) and, when taken properly, prevents pregnancy. It works by stopping a woman's egg from fully developing each month. The egg can no longer accept a sperm and fertilization is prevented. Although oral contraceptives have other effects that help prevent a pregnancy from occurring, this is the main action. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Oral: Drospirenone and Ethinyl Estradiol - Tablets (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: To make using oral contraceptives as safe and reliable as possible, you should understand how and when to take them and what effects may be expected. A paper with information for the patient will be given to you with your filled prescription, and will provide many details concerning the use of oral contraceptives. Read this paper carefully and ask your health care professional if you need additional information or explanation. When you begin to use oral contraceptives, your body will require at least 7 days to adjust before a pregnancy will be prevented. You will need to use an additional birth control method for at least 7 days. Some doctors recommend using an additional method of birth control for the first cycle (or 3 weeks) to ensure full protection. Follow the advice of your doctor or other health care professional. Try to take the doses no more than 24 hours apart to reduce the possibility of side effects and to prevent pregnancy. Since one of the most important factors in the proper use of oral contraceptives is taking every dose exactly on schedule, you should never let your tablet supply run out. When possible, try to keep an extra month's supply of tablets on hand and replace it monthly. It is very important that you keep the tablets in their original container and take the tablets in the same order that they appear in the container. The containers help you keep track of which tablets to take next. Different colored tablets in the same package contain different amounts of hormones or are placebos (tablets that do not contain hormones). The effectiveness of the medicine is reduced if the tablets are taken out of order Dosing: The dosing schedule is monophasic. You will be taking tablets of one strength (color) for 21 days. You will also take an additional 7 inactive tablets, which are another color. Taking the last 7 tablets is not required for full protection against pregnancy but they do help to replace estrogen. Your health care professional may begin your dose on the first day of your menstrual period (called Day 1 start) or on Sunday after your period starts (called Sunday start). When you begin on a certain day it is important that you follow that schedule, even when you miss a dose. Do not change your schedule on your own. If the schedule that you have been put on is not convenient, check with your health care professional about changing schedules. For Sunday start you need to use another form of birth control for the first 7 days. - For oral dosage form (tablets) Missed dose: Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label if you miss a dose of this medicine. - If you miss 1 tablet during the cycle Take it as soon as you remember and then take the next tablet at the normal time. You may take 2 tablets in one day. Then continue your regular dosing schedule. If you miss 2 tablets in a row in the first or second week Take 2 tablets on the day you remember and 2 tablets the next day. Then continue taking 1 tablet a day and use another form of birth control for seven days after the last missed dose. If you miss 2 tablets in a row in the third week or If you miss 3 or more tablets in a row (durring the first three weeks) - Using Day 1 start Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to estrogens or progestins. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Diet: Make certain your health care professional knows if you are on any special diet, such as a low-sodium or low-sugar diet. Pregnancy: Drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol is not recommended for use during pregnancy and should be discontinued if you become pregnant or think you are pregnant. Women who are not breast-feeding may begin to take oral contraceptives four weeks after having a baby. Breast-feeding: Drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol pass into the breast milk and can change the content or lower the amount of breast milk. Also, they may shorten a woman's ability to breast-feed. It may be necessary for you to use another method of birth control or to stop breast-feeding while taking drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol. Children: This medicine is not designed for girls that have not reached menarche. Teenagers: This medicine is frequently used for birth control in teenage females and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults. Some teenagers may need extra information on the importance of taking this medication exactly as prescribed. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol, it is especially important that your doctor and pharmacist know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Drotrecogin Alfa (Systemic)","(droh-truh-KO-jin al-fa)","United States: Xigris","Drotrecogin alfa is used to treat severe cases of sepsis, a life threatening infection in the blood. This medicine has been shown to reduce the risk of death in patients with severe sepsis who are at high risk of death. This medicine works by decreasing inflammation and the formation of blood clots in blood vessels. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Parenteral: Injection (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Dosing - The dose of drotrecogin alfa will be different for different patients. It is based on your body weight and must be determined by your doctor. The dose will also depend on your medical condition and your response to drotrecogin alfa. Follow your doctor's orders. - For injection dosage form Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For drotrecogin alfa, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to drotrecogin alfa. Also tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in either humans or animals. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether drotrecogin alfa passes into human breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information on the safety and effectiveness of drotrecogin alfa in children. Older adults: This medicine has been tested and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose of the other medicine, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking drotrecogin alfa it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of drotrecogin alfa. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Tell your health care professional immediately if the following side effect occurs"
"Dyphylline (Systemic)","DYE-fi-lin","United States: Dilor; Dilor-400; Lufyllin; Lufyllin-400","Dyphylline is used to treat and/or prevent the symptoms of bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. It works by opening up the bronchial tubes (air passages of the lungs) and increasing the flow of air through them. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Oral: Elixir (U.S.), Tablets (U.S.). Parenteral: Injection (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: For patients taking this medicine by mouth Dosing: The dose of dyphylline will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of dyphylline. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of tablets or teaspoonfuls of elixir that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking dyphylline. For oral dosage forms (elixir or tablets) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For dyphylline, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to aminophylline, caffeine, dyphylline, oxtriphylline, theobromine, or theophylline. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Dyphylline has not been studied in pregnant women. Before taking this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you may become pregnant. Breast-feeding: Dyphylline passes into breast milk. However, this medicine has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: Use of other bronchodilator medicines is preferred. Older adults: As in younger patients, use of other bronchodilator medicines is preferred. Also, older patients with kidney disease may require a lower dose of dyphylline than do older adults without kidney disease. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking dyphylline, it is especially important that your health care provider know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of dyphylline. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Econazole (Topical)","e-KONE-a-zole","United States: Spectazole. Canada: Ecostatin","Econazole belongs to the family of medicines called antifungals, which are used to treat infections caused by a fungus. They work by killing the fungus or preventing its growth. Econazole cream is applied to the skin to treat fungus infections. These include: ringworm of the body (tinea corporis);, ringworm of the foot (tinea pedis; athlete's foot);, ringworm of the groin (tinea cruris; jock itch);, tinea versicolor (sometimes called ``sun fungus''); and, certain other fungus infections, such as Candida (Monilia) infections. Econazole is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Topical: Cream (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Apply enough econazole to cover the affected and surrounding skin areas, and massage in gently. Keep this medicine away from the eyes. When econazole is used to treat certain types of fungus infections of the skin, an occlusive dressing (airtight covering, such as kitchen plastic wrap) should not be applied over the medicine. To do so may cause irritation of the skin. Do not apply an airtight covering over this medicine unless you have been directed to do so by your doctor. To help clear up your infection completely, it is very important that you keep using econazole for the full time of treatment , even if your symptoms begin to clear up after a few days. Since fungus infections may be very slow to clear up, you may have to continue using this medicine every day for several weeks or more. If you stop using this medicine too soon, your symptoms may return. Do not miss any doses. Dosing: The dose of topical econazole will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average dose of topical econazole. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For topical dosage form (cream) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For topical econazole, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to econazole. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as preservatives or dyes. Pregnancy: Topical econazole has not been studied in pregnant women. Oral econazole has not been shown to cause birth defects in animal studies; however, it has been shown to cause other problems. Before using this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you may become pregnant. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether topical econazole passes into the breast milk. However, econazole, when given by mouth, does pass into the milk of rats and has caused problems in the young. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Although there is no specific information comparing use of this medicine in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of econazole in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other prescription or nonprescription (over the counter [OTC]) medicine. Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Irinotecan (Systemic)","eye-ri-noe-TEE-kan","United States: Camptosar. Canada: Camptosar. Other commonly used names: CPT-11","Irinotecan belongs to the group of medicines called antineoplastics. It is used to treat cancer of the colon or rectum. Irinotecan interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are eventually destroyed. Since the growth of normal cells may also be affected by the medicine, other effects may also occur. Some of these may be serious and must be reported to your doctor. Other effects, like hair loss, may not be serious but may cause concern. Some effects may occur after treatment with irinotecan has been stopped. Be sure that you have discussed with your doctor the possible side effects of this medicine as well as the good it can do. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form(s): Parenteral: Injection (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Irinotecan often causes nausea and vomiting. It is very important that you continue to receive the medicine even if it makes you feel ill. Ask your health care professional about ways to lessen these effects. Dosing: The dose of irinotecan will be different for different patients. The dose that is used may depend on a number of things, including the patient's size and whether or not other treatments are also being given. If you are receiving irinotecan at home, follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. If you have any questions about the proper dose of this medicine, ask your doctor. Last Reviewed Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For irinotecan, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to irinotecan. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances. Pregnancy: Tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Studies in rats and rabbits have shown that irinotecan causes birth defects and deaths of fetuses. Be sure that you have discussed this with your doctor before starting treatment with this medicine. It is best to use birth control while you are receiving irinotecan. Also, tell your doctor right away if you think you have become pregnant during treatment. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether irinotecan passes into breast milk. However, because this medicine may cause serious side effects, breast-feeding is generally not recommended while you are receiving it. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing use of irinotecan in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: This medicine has been tested in patients 65 years of age and older and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. However, severe diarrhea caused by irinotecan may occur more often in elderly patients. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking irinotecan, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of irinotecan. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur"
"Iron Supplements (Systemic)","","United States: Dex Ferrum; Femiron; Feosol Caplets; Feosol Tablets; Feostat; Feostat Drops; Feratab; Fer-gen-sol; Fergon; Fer-In-Sol Drops; Fer-In-Sol Syrup; Fer-Iron Drops; Fero-Gradumet; Ferospace; Ferralet; Ferralet Slow Release; Ferralyn Lanacaps; Ferra-TD; Ferretts; Ferrlecit; Fumasorb; Fumerin; Hemocyte; Hytinic; In Fe D; Ircon; Mol-Iron; Nephro-Fer; Niferex; Niferex-150; Nu-Iron; Nu-Iron 150; Simron; Slow Fe; Span-FF; Venofer. Canada: Apo-Ferrous Gluconate; Apo-Ferrous Sulfate; Dex Iron; Fer-In-Sol Drops; Fer-In-Sol Syrup; Ferodan Infant Drops; Ferodan Syrup; Fertinic; Jectofer; Neo-Fer; Novofumar; Palafer; Slow Fe","Iron is a mineral that the body needs to produce red blood cells. When the body does not get enough iron, it cannot produce the number of normal red blood cells needed to keep you in good health. This condition is called iron deficiency (iron shortage) or iron deficiency anemia. Although many people in the U.S. get enough iron from their diet, some must take additional amounts to meet their needs. For example, iron is sometimes lost with slow or small amounts of bleeding in the body that you would not be aware of and which can only be detected by your doctor. Your doctor can determine if you have an iron deficiency, what is causing the deficiency, and if an iron supplement is necessary. Lack of iron may lead to unusual tiredness, shortness of breath, a decrease in physical performance, and learning problems in children and adults, and may increase your chance of getting an infection. Some conditions may increase your need for iron. These include: Bleeding problems, Burns, Hemodialysis, Intestinal diseases, Stomach problems, Stomach removal, Use of medicines to increase your red blood cell count. In addition, infants, especially those receiving breast milk or low-iron formulas, may need additional iron. Increased need for iron supplements should be determined by your health care professional. Injectable iron is administered only by or under the supervision of your health care professional. Other forms of iron are available without a prescription; however, your health care professional may have special instructions on the proper use and dose for your condition. Iron supplements are available in the following dosage forms: Oral: Ferrous Fumarate - Capsules (Canada), Extended-release capsules (U.S.), Oral solution (U.S.), Oral suspension (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada), Chewable tablets (U.S.). Ferrous Gluconate - Capsules (U.S.), Elixir (U.S.), Syrup (Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada), Extended-release tablets (U.S.). Ferrous Sulfate - Capsules (U.S.), Extended-release capsules (U.S.), Oral solution (U.S.), Syrup (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada), Delayed-release tablets (U.S. and Canada), Extended-release tablets (U.S. and Canada). Iron-Polysaccharide - Capsules (U.S.), Oral solution (U.S.), Tablets (U.S.). Parenteral: Iron Dextran - Injection (U.S. and Canada). Iron Sorbitol - Injection (Canada). Iron Sucrose - Injection (U.S.). Sodium Ferric Gluconate Complex - Injection (U.S.). For good health, it is important that you eat a balanced and varied diet. Follow carefully any diet program your health care professional may recommend. For your specific dietary vitamin and/or mineral needs, ask your health care professional for a list of appropriate foods. If you think that you are not getting enough vitamins and/or minerals in your diet, you may choose to take a dietary supplement. Iron is found in the diet in two formsheme iron, which is well absorbed, and nonheme iron, which is poorly absorbed. The best dietary source of absorbable (heme) iron is lean red meat. Chicken, turkey, and fish are also sources of iron, but they contain less than red meat. Cereals, beans, and some vegetables contain poorly absorbed (nonheme) iron. Foods rich in vitamin C (e.g., citrus fruits and fresh vegetables), eaten with small amounts of heme iron-containing foods, such as meat, may increase the amount of nonheme iron absorbed from cereals, beans, and other vegetables. Some foods (e.g., milk, eggs, spinach, fiber-containing, coffee, tea) may decrease the amount of nonheme iron absorbed from foods. Additional iron may be added to food from cooking in iron pots. The daily amount of iron needed is defined in several different ways. For U.S.: Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are the amount of vitamins and minerals needed to provide for adequate nutrition in most healthy persons. RDAs for a given nutrient may vary depending on a person's age, sex, and physical condition (e.g., pregnancy). Daily Values (DVs) are used on food and dietary supplement labels to indicate the percent of the recommended daily amount of each nutrient that a serving provides. DV replaces the previous designation of United States Recommended Daily Allowances (USRDAs). For Canada: Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNIs) are used to determine the amounts of vitamins, minerals, and protein needed to provide adequate nutrition and lessen the risk of chronic disease. Normal daily recommended intakes in milligrams (mg) for iron are generally defined as follows (Note that the RDA and RNI are expressed as an actual amount of iron, which is referred to as elemental' iron. The product form [e.g., ferrous fumarate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous sulfate] has a different strength): Persons U.S. (mg) Canada (mg) Infants and children Birth to 3 years of age 610 4 to 6 years of age 10 8 7 to 10 years of age 10 810 Adolescent and adult males 10 810 Adolescent and adult females 1015 813 Pregnant females 30 1722 Breast-feeding females 15 813 Proper Use of This Dietary Supplement: Dosing: The amount of iron needed to meet normal daily recommended intakes will be different for different individuals. The following information includes only the average amounts of iron. For oral dosage forms (capsules, tablets, oral solution) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this dietary supplement, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this dietary supplement Before Using This Dietary Supplement: If you are taking this dietary supplement without a prescription, carefully read and follow any precautions on the label. For iron supplements, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your health care professional if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to iron medicine. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: It is especially important that you are receiving enough vitamins and minerals when you become pregnant and that you continue to receive the right amount of vitamins and minerals throughout your pregnancy. Healthy fetal growth and development depend on a steady supply of nutrients from mother to fetus. During the first 3 months of pregnancy, a proper diet usually provides enough iron. However, during the last 6 months, in order to meet the increased needs of the developing baby, an iron supplement may be recommended by your health care professional. However, taking large amounts of a dietary supplement in pregnancy may be harmful to the mother and/or fetus and should be avoided. Breast-feeding: It is especially important that you receive the right amounts of vitamins and minerals so that your baby will also get the vitamins and minerals needed to grow properly. Iron normally is present in breast milk in small amounts. When prescribed by a health care professional, iron preparations are not known to cause problems during breast-feeding. However, nursing mothers are advised to check with their health care professional before taking iron supplements or any other medication. Taking large amounts of a dietary supplement while breast-feeding may be harmful to the mother and/or infant and should be avoided. Children: Problems in children have not been reported with intake of normal daily recommended amounts. Iron supplements, when prescribed by your health care professional, are not expected to cause different side effects in children than they do in adults. However, it is important to follow the directions carefully, since iron overdose in children is especially dangerous. Studies on sodium ferric gluconate have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing the use of sodium ferric gluconate in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: Problems in older adults have not been reported with intake of normal daily recommended amounts. Elderly people sometimes do not absorb iron as easily as younger adults and may need a larger dose. If you think you need to take an iron supplement, check with your health care professional first. Only your health care professional can decide if you need an iron supplement and how much you should take. Medicines or other dietary supplements: Although certain medicines or dietary supplements should not be used together at all, in other cases they may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your health care professional may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking iron supplements, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of iron supplements. Make sure you tell your health care professional if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Dietary Supplement"
"Isometheptene, Dichloralphenazone, and Acetaminophen (Systemic)","eye-soe-meth-EP-teen, dye-klor-al-FEN-a-zone, and a-seat-a-MIN-oh-fen","United States: Amidrine; Duradrin; I.D.A; Iso-Acetazone; Isocom; Midchlor; Midrin; Migrapap; Migquin; Migratine; Migrazone; Migrend; Migrex; Mitride","Isometheptene, dichloralphenazone, and acetaminophen combination is used to treat certain kinds of headaches, such as tension headaches and migraine headaches. This combination is not used regularly (for example, every day) to prevent headaches. It should be taken only after headache pain begins, or after a warning sign that a migraine is coming appears. Isometheptene helps to relieve throbbing headaches, but it is not an ordinary pain reliever. Dichloralphenazone helps you to relax, and acetaminophen relieves pain. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Oral: Capsules (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often than directed, and do not take it every day for several days in a row. If the amount you are to take does not relieve your headache, check with your doctor. If a headache medicine is used too often, it may lose its effectiveness or even cause a type of physical dependence. If this occurs, your headaches may actually get worse. Also, taking too much acetaminophen can cause liver damage. This medicine works best if you Dosing: The dose of this combination medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For tension headaches Storage: To store this medicine - Keep out of the reach of children. Store away from heat and direct light. Do not store in the bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places. Heat and moisture may cause the medicine to break down. Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed. Be sure that any discarded medicine is out of the reach of children. Last Reviewed Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this combination medicine, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to acetaminophen or to this combination medicine. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies with this combination medicine have not been done in either humans or animals. Breast-feeding: Acetaminophen passes into the breast milk in small amounts. However, this medicine has not been shown to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: Studies with this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information about its use in children. Older adults: Many medicines have not been tested in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of this combination medicine in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this combination medicine, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Isoniazid (Systemic)","eye-soe-NYE-a-zid","United States: Laniazid; Nydrazid. Canada: Isotamine; PMS Isoniazid. Other commonly used names: INH","Isoniazid is used to treat tuberculosis (TB) or prevent its return (reactivation). It may be given alone, or in combination with other medicines, to treat TB or to prevent its return (reactivation). This medicine may also be used for other problems as determined by your doctor. This medicine may cause some serious side effects, including damage to the liver. Liver damage is more likely to occur in patients over 50 years of age. You and your doctor should talk about the good this medicine will do, as well as the risks of taking it. If you are being treated for active tuberculosis (TB): To help clear up your TB infection completely, you must keep taking this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better. This is very important. It is also important that you do not miss any doses. Isoniazid is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Oral: Syrup (U.S. and Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Parenteral: Injection (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: If you are taking isoniazid by mouth and it upsets your stomach, take it with food. Antacids may also help. However, do not take aluminum-containing antacids within 1 hour of taking isoniazid. They may keep this medicine from working properly. For patients taking the oral liquid form of isoniazid Dosing: The dose of isoniazid will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of isoniazid. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of tablets or teaspoonfuls of syrup that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. For oral dosage forms (tablets, syrup) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For isoniazid, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to isoniazid, ethionamide (e.g., Trecator-SC), pyrazinamide, or niacin (e.g., Nicobid, nicotinic acid). Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Diet: Make certain your health care professional knows if you are on a low-sodium, low-sugar, or any other special diet. Most medicines contain more than just the active ingredient, and many liquid medicines contain alcohol. Pregnancy: Isoniazid has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in humans or animals. Studies in rats and rabbits have shown that isoniazid may increase the risk of fetal death. However, tuberculosis is a very serious disease and many women have been treated with isoniazid during pregnancy with no problems occurring in their babies. Breast-feeding: Isoniazid passes into the breast milk. However, isoniazid has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Also, there is not enough isoniazid in breast milk to protect or treat babies who have been exposed to tuberculosis. Children: Isoniazid can cause serious side effects in any patient. Therefore, it is especially important that you discuss with the child's doctor the good that this medicine may do as well as the risks of using it. Older adults: Hepatitis may be especially likely to occur in patients over 50 years of age, who are usually more sensitive than younger adults to the effects of isoniazid. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking or receiving isoniazid it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of isoniazid. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Isoniazid and Thiacetazone (Systemic)","eye-soe-NYE-a-zid and thye-a-SEET-a-zone","Other commonly used names: INAT; Thiazina; Thisozide. Other commonly used names: INH; thioacetazone ; amithiozone","Isoniazid and thiacetazone combination is used to treat tuberculosis (TB). It is given in combination with other medicines to treat TB. Isoniazid and thiacetazone combination may cause some serious side effects, including damage to the liver. Liver damage is more likely to occur in patients over 50 years of age. This medicine may also cause a severe skin rash, especially in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). You and your doctor should talk about the good this medicine will do, as well as the risks of taking it. To help clear up your TB completely, you must keep taking this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better. This is very important. It is also important that you do not miss any doses. Isoniazid and thiacetazone combination is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Oral: Tablets (Africa; Asia; Latin America). Proper Use of This Medicine: If you are taking isoniazid and thiacetazone combination and it upsets your stomach, take it with food. Antacids may also help. However, do not take aluminum-containing antacids within 1 hour of taking isoniazid and thiacetazone combination. They may keep this medicine from working properly. To help clear up your tuberculosis (TB) completely, it is very important that you keep taking this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better after a few weeks. You may have to take it every day for as long as 8 to 12 months. It is important that you do not miss any doses. Your doctor may also want you to take pyridoxine (e.g., Hexa-Betalin, vitamin B 6) every day during treatment with isoniazid and thiacetazone combination to help prevent or lessen some of the side effects of the combination. Pyridoxine is not usually needed in children who receive enough pyridoxine in their diet. If pyridoxine is needed, it is very important to take it every day along with this medicine. Do not miss any doses. Dosing: The dose of isoniazid and thiacetazone combination will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of isoniazid and thiacetazone combination. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of tablets that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. For oral dosage form (tablets) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For isoniazid and thiacetazone combination, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to isoniazid or thiacetazone. Also tell your health care worker if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Isoniazid has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in humans and has not been shown to cause birth defects in animals. Studies in rats and rabbits have shown that isoniazid may increase the risk of miscarriage. However, tuberculosis is a very serious disease and many women have been treated with isoniazid during pregnancy with no problems occurring in their babies. Studies on the effects of thiacetazone in pregnancy have not been done in humans or animals. Breast-feeding: Isoniazid passes into the breast milk. However, isoniazid has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Also, there is not enough isoniazid in breast milk to protect or treat babies who have been exposed to tuberculosis. It is not known whether thiacetazone passes into breast milk. Children: Isoniazid and thiacetazone combination can cause serious side effects in any patient. Therefore, it is especially important that you discuss with the child's doctor the good that this medicine may do as well as the risks of using it. Older adults: Hepatitis may be especially likely to occur in older patients, who are usually more sensitive than younger adults to the effects of isoniazid. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking isoniazid and thiacetazone combination, it is especially important that your health care worker know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of isoniazid and thiacetazone combination. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Isotretinoin (Systemic)","eye-soe-TRET-i-noyn","United States: Accutane. Canada: Accutane Roche","Isotretinoin is used to treat severe, disfiguring nodular acne. It should be used only after other acne medicines have been tried and have failed to help the acne. Isotretinoin may also be used to treat other skin diseases as determined by your doctor. Isotretinoin must not be used to treat women who are able to bear children unless other forms of treatment have been tried first and have failed. Isotretinoin must not be taken during pregnancy because it causes birth defects in humans. If you are able to bear children, it is very important that you read, understand, and follow the pregnancy warnings for isotretinoin. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription and should be prescribed only by a doctor who has special knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of severe, uncontrollable cystic acne. Isotretinoin is available in the following dosage form: Oral: Capsules (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Isotretinoin comes with patient information. It is very important that you read and understand this information. Be sure to ask your doctor about anything you do not understand. Isotretinoin must not be taken by women of reproductive age unless two effective forms of contraception (birth control) have been used for at least 1 month before the beginning of treatment. Contraception must be continued during the period of treatment, which is up to 20 weeks, and for 1 month after isotretinoin is stopped. Be sure you have discussed this information with your doctor. In addition, you will be asked to sign an informed consent form stating that you understand the above information. If you are a woman who is able to have children, you must have a pregnancy blood test within 1 week before beginning treatment with isotretinoin to make sure you are not pregnant. Treatment with isotretinoin will then be started within the week, on the second or third day of your next normal menstrual period. In addition, you must have a pregnancy blood test each month while you are taking this medicine and one month after treatment is completed. Take isotretinoin with food. It is very important that you take isotretinoin only as directed. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of side effects. Dosing: The dose of isotretinoin will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of isotretinoin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of capsules that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking isotretinoin. For oral dosage form (capsules) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Additional Information: Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, isotretinoin is used in certain patients with the following medical conditions Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For isotretinoin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to isotretinoin, acitretin, tretinoin, or vitamin A preparations. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives (such as parabens), or dyes. Pregnancy: Isotretinoin must not be taken during pregnancy because it causes birth defects in humans. In addition, isotretinoin must not be taken if there is a chance that you may become pregnant during treatment or within 1 month following treatment. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether isotretinoin passes into breast milk. However, isotretinoin is not recommended during breast-feeding because it may cause unwanted effects in nursing babies. Children: Children may be especially sensitive to the effects of isotretinoin. This may increase the chance of side effects during treatment. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of isotretinoin in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are using isotretinoin, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are using any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of isotretinoin. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur"
"Nystatin (Vaginal)","nye-STAT-in","Canada: Mycostatin; Nadostine; Nilstat; Nyaderm","Nystatin belongs to the group of medicines called antifungals. Vaginal nystatin is used to treat fungus infections of the vagina. Nystatin vaginal cream or tablets may also be used for other problems as determined by your doctor. Nystatin is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Vaginal: Cream (Canada), Tablets (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Nystatin usually comes with patient directions. Read them carefully before using this medicine. This medicine is usually inserted into the vagina with an applicator. However, if you are pregnant, check with your doctor before using the applicator to insert the vaginal tablet. To help clear up your infection completely, keep using this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if your condition has improved. Also, keep using this medicine even if you begin to menstruate during the time of treatment. Do not miss any doses. Dosing: The dose of nystatin will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of nystatin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For treating fungus (yeast) infections Missed dose: If you do miss a dose of this medicine, insert it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For nystatin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to nystatin. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies have not been done in animals. However, nystatin vaginal tablets have not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in humans. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether nystatin passes into breast milk. However, this medicine has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in adults, and there is no specific information comparing use of vaginal nystatin in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing the use of vaginal nystatin in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other vaginal prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Nystatin and Triamcinolone (Topical)","nye-STAT-in and trye-am-SIN-oh-lone","United States: Dermacomb; Myco II; Mycobiotic II; Mycogen II; Mycolog II; Myco-Triacet II; Mykacet; Mykacet II; Mytrex; Tristatin II","Nystatin and triamcinolone combination contains an antifungal and a corticosteroid (kor-ti-co-STER-oid) (cortisone-like medicine). Antifungals are used to treat infections caused by a fungus. They work by killing the fungus or preventing its growth. This medicine will not work for other kinds of infections. Corticosteroids belong to the family of medicines called steroids. They are used to help relieve redness, swelling, itching, and other discomfort of many skin problems. This medicine is used to treat certain fungus infections, such as Candida (Monilia), and to help relieve the discomfort of the infection. Topical corticosteroids may rarely cause some serious side effects. Some of the side effects may be more likely to occur in children. Before using this medicine in children, be sure to talk to your doctor about these problems, as well as the good this medicine may do. Nystatin and triamcinolone combination is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms: Topical: Cream (U.S.), Ointment (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Do not use this medicine in or around the eyes. Check with your doctor before using this medicine on any other skin problems. It should not be used on bacterial or virus infections. Also, it should only be used on certain fungus infections of the skin. Apply a thin layer of this medicine to the affected area and rub in gently and thoroughly. The use of any kind of airtight covering over this medicine may increase absorption of the medicine and the chance of irritation and other side effects. Therefore, do not bandage, wrap, or apply any airtight covering or other occlusive dressing (for example, kitchen plastic wrap) over this medicine unless directed to do so by your doctor. Also, wear loose-fitting clothing when using this medicine on the groin area. When using this medicine on the diaper area of children, avoid tight-fitting diapers and plastic pants. To help clear up your infection completely, keep using this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if your symptoms have disappeared. Do not miss any doses. However, do not use this medicine more often or for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase absorption through your skin and the chance of side effects. In addition, too much use, especially on thin skin areas (for example, face, armpits, groin), may result in thinning of the skin and stretch marks. Dosing: The dose of topical nystatin and triamcinolone combination will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of topical nystatin and triamcinolone combination. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For fungus infections Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For nystatin and triamcinolone combination, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to nystatin or triamcinolone. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as preservatives or dyes. Pregnancy: Nystatin and triamcinolone combination has not been studied in pregnant women. However, studies in animals have shown that corticosteroids given by mouth or by injection may cause birth defects, even at low doses. Also, some of the stronger corticosteroids have been shown to cause birth defects when applied to the skin of animals. Therefore, this medicine should not be used on large areas of skin, in large amounts, or for a long time in pregnant patients. Before using this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you may become pregnant. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether nystatin or triamcinolone passes into the breast milk. Although this combination medicine has not been reported to cause problems in humans, topical corticosteroids may be absorbed into the body. Corticosteroids that are given by mouth or by injection do pass into the breast milk and may cause unwanted effects, such as interfering with nursing babies' growth. Children: Children may be especially sensitive to the effects of topical nystatin and triamcinolone combination. This may increase the chance of side effects during treatment. Therefore, it is especially important that you discuss with your child's doctor the good that this medicine may do as well as the risks of using it. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of topical nystatin and triamcinolone combination in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are using nystatin and triamcinolone combination, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are using any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of nystatin and triamcinolone combination. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Octreotide (Systemic)","ok-TREE-oh-tide","United States: Sandostatin; Sandostatin LAR Depot. Canada: Sandostatin","Octreotide is used to treat the severe diarrhea and other symptoms that occur with certain intestinal tumors. It does not cure the tumor but it helps the patient live a more normal life. Also, this medicine is used to treat a condition called acromegaly, which is caused by too much growth hormone in the body. Too much growth hormone produced in adults causes the hands, feet, and parts of the face to become large, thick, and bulky. Other problems such as arthritis also can develop. Octreotide works by reducing the amount of growth hormone that the body produces. Octreotide may also be used for other medical conditions as determined by your doctor. Octreotide is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Parenteral: Injection (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: To control the symptoms of your medical problem, this medicine must be taken as ordered by your doctor. Make sure that you understand exactly how to take this medicine. Octreotide is packaged in a kit containing an ampul opener, alcohol swabs, ampuls of the medicine, and, in some kits, a vial of diluent to mix with the medicine. Directions on how to prepare and inject the medicine are in the package. Read the directions carefully and ask your health care professional for additional explanation, if necessary. It is important to follow any instructions from your doctor about the careful selection and rotation of injection sites on your body. This will help to prevent skin problems, such as irritation. Some patients may feel pain, stinging, tingling, or burning sensations at the place where they inject the medicine. These sensations usually last only a few moments and may be eased by rubbing the spot after the injection. Injecting the medicine after it has been warmed to room temperature rather than cold from the refrigerator may reduce the discomfort. The medicine should be taken from the refrigerator 20 to 60 minutes before it is to be used. However, do not use heat to warm it faster because heat can destroy the medicine. Put used needles and syringes in a puncture-resistant disposable container or dispose of them as directed by your health care professional. Do not reuse needles and syringes. Dosing: The dose of octreotide will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of octreotide. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For long-acting injection dosage form Missed dose: If you miss a dose of the long-acting form of this medicine, contact your doctor. If you miss a dose of the short-acting form of this medicine, use it as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Although you will not be harmed by forgetting a dose, the symptoms that you are trying to control (for example, diarrhea) may reappear. To be able to control your symptoms, your doses should be evenly spaced over a period of 24 hours. If you have any questions about this, check with your health care professional. Storage: To store this medicine Additional Information: Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, octreotide is used in certain patients with the following medical conditions Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For octreotide, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to octreotide. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies have not been done in humans. However, studies in rats and rabbits have not shown that octreotide causes birth defects or other problems, even when given in doses much larger than the human dose. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether octreotide passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: The short-acting form of this medicine has been tested in a limited number of children as young as 1 month of age and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults. Studies on the long-acting form of this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing its use in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: This medicine has been used in persons up to 83 years of age and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking octreotide, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of octreotide. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Ofloxacin (Ophthalmic)","oh-FLOKS-a-sin","United States: Ocuflox. Canada: Ocuflox","Ofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections of the eye, such as conjunctivitis and corneal ulcers. Ofloxacin is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Ophthalmic: Ophthalmic solution (eye drops) (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: To use Dosing: The dose of ophthalmic ofloxacin will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of ophthalmic ofloxacin. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For ophthalmic (eye drops) dosage form Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, use it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For ophthalmic ofloxacin, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to ophthalmic or systemic ofloxacin (e.g., Floxin) or any related medicines, such as cinoxacin (e.g., Cinobac), ciprofloxacin (e.g., Ciloxan or Cipro), enoxacin (e.g., Penetrax), lomefloxacin (e.g., Maxaquin), nalidixic acid (e.g., Neg Gram), or norfloxacin (e.g., Chibroxin or Noroxin). Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Ophthalmic ofloxacin has not been studied in pregnant women. However, studies in animals that were given very high doses of ofloxacin by mouth have shown that ofloxacin can cause birth defects or other problems. Before taking this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you may become pregnant. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether ophthalmic ofloxacin passes into breast milk. However, ofloxacin given by mouth does pass into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are using this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Use is not recommended in infants up to 1 year of age. In children 1 year of age and older, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of ophthalmic ofloxacin in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine that is to be used in the eye. Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Ofloxacin (Otic)","oh-FLOX-a-sin","United States: Floxin Otic","Ofloxacin belongs to the family of medicines called antibiotics. Ofloxacin otic solution is used to treat infections of the ear canal. It also is used to treat infections of the middle ear in patients with nonintact tympanic membranes (holes or tubes in the eardrums). This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Otic: Otic solution (eardrops) (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Ofloxacin eardrops comes with patient information and instructions (Medication Guide). Be sure to read these instructions before using the eardrops. If you have any questions, check with your doctor or health care professional. To use Dosing: The dose of ofloxacin otic will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of ofloxacin otic. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. - For eardrops dosage form Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, use it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For ofloxacin otic preparations, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to any medicine containing ofloxacin (including tablets, injections, eye drops, and eardrops) or to any related antibiotics such as cinoxacin (e.g., Cinobac), ciprofloxacin (e.g., Ciloxan or Cipro), enoxacin (e.g., Penetrax), levofloxacin (e.g., Levaquin), lomefloxacin (e.g., Maxaquin), nalidixic acid (e.g., Neg Gram), norfloxacin (e.g., Chibroxin or Noroxin), or trovafloxacin/alatrofloxacin (e.g., Trovan). Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Otic ofloxacin has not been studied in pregnant women. Studies in animals that were given high doses of ofloxacin by mouth have shown that ofloxacin can cause birth defects or other problems. However, ofloxacin has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems when given in doses comparable to the amount of ofloxacin that is found in the eardrops. Before you use this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you may become pregnant. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether otic ofloxacin passes into breast milk. However, ofloxacin given by mouth does pass into breast milk. Because there is a potential for serious adverse reactions from ofloxacin in nursing babies, mothers who are using this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Use is not recommended in infants younger than 1 year of age. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of otic ofloxacin in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are taking or using any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Precautions: While Using This Medicine"
"Olanzapine (Systemic)","oh-LAN-za-peen","United States: Zyprexa","Olanzapine is used to treat psychotic mental disorders, such as schizophrenia. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Oral: Tablets (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor in order to improve your condition as much as possible. Do not take more of it and do not take it more often than your doctor ordered. Olanzapine may be taken with or without food, on a full or an empty stomach. If your doctor tells you to take it a certain way, follow your doctor's instructions. Dosing: The dose of olanzapine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of olanzapine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The number of tablets that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. For oral dosage form (tablets) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible if you remember it the same day. However, if you don't remember until the next day, skip the missed dose and return to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For olanzapine, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to olanzapine. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Olanzapine has not been studied in pregnant women. A few women have become pregnant during treatment with this medicine; some pregnancies were normal and some resulted in miscarriages. Olanzapine crosses the placenta in animals and has been shown to cause a decrease in the number of successful births. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether olanzapine passes into human breast milk. However, it does pass into the milk of animals. In general, breast-feeding is not recommended during treatment with olanzapine. Children: Studies on this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing use of olanzapine in children up to 18 years of age with use in other age groups. Older adults: This medicine has been tested and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. However, it is removed from the body more slowly in older people. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Many different medicines can increase the chance that you will develop unwanted effects while taking olanzapine. These effects include liver problems, heat stroke, drowsiness, constipation, and dizziness or fainting when getting up from a lying or sitting position. When you are taking olanzapine, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of olanzapine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur"
"Podofilox (Topical)","po-do-FIL-ox","United States: Condylox. Other commonly used names: podophyllotoxin","Podofilox is used to remove certain types of warts on the outside skin of the genital areas (penis or vulva). The gel is used also to treat warts between the genitals and the rectum, the solution is not. Neither the gel nor the solution is used to treat warts that occur inside the rectum, vagina, or urine passageways inside the penis (male) or the vulva (female). Podofilox works by destroying the skin of the wart. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form(s): Topical: Gel (U.S.), Solution (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: A paper with information for the patient will be given to you with your filled prescription and will provide many details concerning the use of podofilox. Read this paper carefully and ask your health care professional if you need additional information. Also, keep podofilox away from the eyes and mucous membranes, such as the inside of the penis, rectum, or vagina. This medicine may cause severe irritation. If you get this medicine in your eyes or on one of these areas, immediately flush the area with water for 15 minutes. Use podofilox only as directed, no more than 3 days a week and no more than 4 treatment cycles. Do not use more of it, do not use it more often, and do not use it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chances that this medicine is absorbed into the body and that side effects could occur. Do not apply the medicine to any other wart until you discuss it with your doctor. The total dose of podofilox used on all warts should not exceed that which would cover an area measuring 1.6 square inches (10 square centimeters), about the size of a dollar coin. To use Dosing: The dose of podofilox will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of podofilox. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. - For topical dosage form (gel) Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. Then go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For podofilox, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to podofilox. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Podofilox has not been studied in pregnant women. However, studies in rats have shown that podofilox causes problems during pregnancy when injected at high doses. Topical podofilox may be absorbed into the skin at certain doses. Before using this medicine, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant or if you may become pregnant. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether topical podofilox passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are using this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Studies of this medicine have been done only in adult patients, and there is no specific information comparing use of podofilox in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in older people. There is no specific information comparing use of podofilox in the elderly with use in other age groups. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are using any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur"
"Podophyllum (Topical)","pode-oh-FILL-um","United States: Podocon-25; Podofin","Podophyllum is used to remove benign (not cancer) growths, such as certain kinds of warts. It works by destroying the tissue of the growth. A few hours after podophyllum is applied to a wart, the wart becomes blanched (loses all color). In 24 to 48 hours, the medicine causes death of the tissue. After about 72 hours, the wart begins to slough or come off and gradually disappears. Podophyllum is usually applied only in a doctor's office because it is a poison and can cause serious side effects if not used properly. However, your doctor may ask you to apply this medicine at home. If you do apply it at home, be sure you understand exactly how to use it. Podophyllum is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Topical: Topical solution (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Podophyllum is a poison. Keep it away from the mouth because it is harmful if swallowed. Also, keep podophyllum away from the eyes and other mucous membranes, such as the inside of the nose, mouth, or vagina. This medicine may cause severe irritation. If you get some in your eyes, immediately flush the eyes with water for 15 minutes. If you get some on your normal skin, thoroughly wash the skin with soap and water to remove the medicine. However, if this medicine contains tincture of benzoin, it may be removed more easily from the skin by swabbing with rubbing alcohol. This medicine may contain alcohol and therefore may be flammable. Do not use near heat, near open flame, or while smoking. Use podophyllum only as directed. Do not use more of it, do not use it more often, and do not use it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may increase the chance of too much medicine being absorbed into the body and the chance of side effects. Do not use podophyllum on moles or birthmarks. To do so may cause severe irritation. Also, do not apply this medicine to crumbling or bleeding warts or to warts that have recently had surgery on them. To do so may increase the chance of absorption through the skin. To use Dosing: The dose of topical podophyllum will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of topical podophyllum. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. For topical solution dosage form Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. Then go back to your regular dosing schedule. Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For podophyllum, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to podophyllum or benzoin. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as preservatives or dyes. Pregnancy: Topical podophyllum is absorbed through the skin. It should not be used during pregnancy, since it may cause birth defects or other harmful effects in the fetus. Breast-feeding: Topical podophyllum is absorbed through the skin. However, it is not known whether topical podophyllum passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are using this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Although there is no specific information comparing use of topical podophyllum in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of topical podophyllum in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are using any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of podophyllum. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially"
"Poliovirus Vaccine (Systemic)","poe-lee-oh VYE-russ","United States: Ipol; Orimune. Other commonly used names: e IPV; IPV; N-IPV; OPV; Sabin vaccine; Salk vaccine; TOPV","Poliovirus vaccine is an active immunizing agent used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). It works by causing your body to produce its own protection (antibodies) against the virus that causes polio. There are two types of polio vaccine that are given by injection, poliovirus vaccine inactivated (IPV) and poliovirus vaccine inactivated enhanced potency (e IPV). In the U.S. and Canada the type of vaccine that is given by injection is e IPV. The type of vaccine that is given by mouth is called poliovirus vaccine live oral (OPV). Polio is a very serious infection that causes paralysis of the muscles, including the muscles that enable you to walk and breathe. A polio infection may leave a person unable to breathe without the help of an iron lung, unable to walk without leg braces, or confined to a wheelchair. There is no cure for polio. Immunization against polio is recommended for all infants from 6 to 12 weeks of age, all children, all adolescents up to 18 years of age, and certain adults who are at greater risk for exposure to polioviruses than the general population, including: Persons traveling to areas or countries where polio is uncontrolled, whether or not they have been vaccinated against polio in the past. Persons who live in areas where polio infection still occurs. Adults who have not been vaccinated or who have not had the complete series of vaccinations against polio and who live in households with children who are to be given the oral polio vaccine (OPV). Employees in day-care centers and group homes for children, such as orphanages. Employees in medical facilities, such as hospitals and doctors' offices. Laboratory workers handling samples that may contain polioviruses. Immunization against polio is not recommended for infants younger than 6 weeks of age, because antibodies they received from their mothers before birth may interfere with the effectiveness of the vaccine. Infants who were immunized against polio before 6 weeks of age should receive the complete polio immunization series. This vaccine is to be administered only by or under the supervision of your doctor or other health care professional. It is available in the following dosage forms: Oral: Oral solution (U.S. and Canada). Parenteral: Injection (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Vaccine: Dosing: The dose of polio vaccine will be different for different patients. The following information includes only the average doses of polio vaccine. For prevention of polio Before Receiving This Vaccine: For a while after you are immunized, there is a very small risk (1 in 2.2 million) that any persons living in your household who have not yet been immunized against polio or who have or had an immune deficiency condition may develop poliomyelitis (polio) from being around you. Talk to your doctor if you have any questions about this. In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For polio vaccine, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to polio vaccine or to neomycin, polymyxin B, or streptomycin. The polio vaccines available in the U.S. and Canada may contain neomycin, polymyxin B, and/or streptomycin. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Diet: Make certain your health care professional knows if you are on any special diet, such as a low-sugar diet, because the oral solution form of polio vaccine may be given to you on a sugar cube. Pregnancy: Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in either humans or animals. However, this vaccine has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in humans. Although it is not recommended for all pregnant women, polio vaccine is given to pregnant women who are at great risk of catching polio. Breast-feeding: Polio vaccine has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: Use is not recommended for infants up to 6 weeks of age. For infants and children 6 weeks of age and older, polio vaccine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of polio vaccine in the elderly with use in other age groups, this vaccine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older persons than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Before you receive polio vaccine, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are receiving or have received any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of polio vaccine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: After Receiving This Vaccine: Tell your doctor that you have received this vaccine if you are to receive any other live virus vaccines within 1 month after receiving this vaccine. Side Effects of This Vaccine: In very rare instances (approximately 1 case in 760,000 doses), healthy persons who have taken the oral vaccine (OPV) and healthy persons who are close contacts of adults or children who have taken OPV have been infected by the polio virus and have become paralyzed. No paralysis caused by polio infection has occurred with the injected vaccine (IPV) since 1955. Along with its needed effects, a vaccine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Get emergency help immediately if any of the following side effects occur"
"Poliovirus Vaccine Live Oral (Systemic)","poe-lee-oh VYE-russ","United States: Orimune","Poliovirus vaccine live oral (OPV) is an active immunizing agent used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). It works by causing your body to produce its own protection (antibodies) against the virus that causes polio. Polio is a very serious infection that can cause death. In survivors of poliovirus infection, polio causes paralysis of the muscles, including the muscles that enable you to walk and breathe. A polio infection may leave a person unable to breathe without the help of an iron lung, unable to walk without leg braces, or confined to a wheelchair. There is no cure for polio. Immunization against polio is recommended for all infants from 6 to 12 weeks of age, all children, all adolescents up to 18 years of age, and certain adults who are at greater risk for exposure to polioviruses than the general population. This vaccine is to be administered only by or under the supervision of your doctor or other health care professional. It is available in the following dosage forms: Oral: Oral solution (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Vaccine: Dosing: The dose of poliovirus vaccine live oral (OPV) will be different for different patients. The following information includes only the average doses of polio vaccine. For prevention of polio Before Receiving This Vaccine: For a while after you are immunized, there is a very small risk that any persons living in your household who have not yet been immunized against polio or who have or had an immune deficiency condition may develop poliomyelitis (polio) from being around you. Talk to your doctor if you have any questions about this. In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For poliovirus vaccine live oral (OPV), the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to polio vaccine or to neomycin, polymyxin B, or streptomycin. The polio vaccines available in the U.S. and Canada may contain neomycin, polymyxin B, and/or streptomycin. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Diet: Make certain your health care professional knows if you are on any special diet, such as a low-sugar diet, because the OPV may be given to you on a sugar cube. Pregnancy: Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in either humans or animals. However, this vaccine has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in humans. Although it is not recommended for all pregnant women, OPV is given to pregnant women who are at great risk of catching polio. Breast-feeding: OPV has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies. Children: In the U.S. and Canada, use of OPV is not recommended for infants up to 6 weeks of age; however, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends OPV vaccination at birth. For infants and children 6 weeks of age and older, OPV is not expected to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of OPV in the elderly with use in other age groups, this vaccine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older persons than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Before you receive OPV, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are receiving or have received any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of polio vaccine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: After Receiving This Vaccine: Tell your doctor that you have received this vaccine if you are to receive any other live virus vaccines within 1 month after receiving this vaccine. Side Effects of This Vaccine: In very rare instances, healthy persons who have taken the poliovirus vaccine live oral (OPV) and healthy persons who are close contacts of adults or children who have taken OPV have been infected by the polio virus and have become paralyzed. Along with its needed effects, a vaccine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Get emergency help immediately if any of the following side effects occur"
"Polyethylene Glycol and Electrolytes (Local)","pol-ee-ETH-i-leen GLYE-col","United States: Co-Lav; Colovage; Colyte; Colyte-flavored; Colyte with Flavor Packs; Go-Evac; Go LYTELY; Nu LYTELY; Nu LYTELY, Cherry Flavor; OCL. Canada: Colyte; Go LYTELY; Klean-Prep; Peglyte; PEG-3350 & Electrolytes","The polyethylene glycol (PEG) and electrolytes solution is used to clean the colon (large bowel or lower intestine) before certain tests or surgery of the colon. The PEG-electrolyte solution is usually taken by mouth. However, sometimes it is given in the hospital through a nasogastric tube (a tube inserted through the nose). The PEG-electrolyte solution acts like a laxative. It causes liquid stools or mild diarrhea. In this way, it flushes all solid material from the colon, so the doctor can have a clear view of the colon. The PEG-electrolyte solution is available only with your doctor's prescription. It is available in the following dosage forms: Oral: Oral solution (U.S. and Canada), Powder for oral solution (U.S. and Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: Your doctor may have special instructions for you, depending on the type of test you are going to have. If you have not received such instructions or if you do not understand them, check with your doctor in advance. Take the PEG-electrolyte solution exactly as directed. Otherwise, the test you are going to have may not work and may have to be done again. It will take close to 3 hours to drink all of the PEG-electrolyte solution. The first bowel movement may start an hour or so after you start drinking the solution. Continue drinking all the solution to get the best results, unless otherwise directed by your doctor. Do not eat anything for at least 3 hours before taking the PEG-electrolyte solution. If you do so, the colon may not get completely clean. If you are drinking the PEG-electrolyte solution the evening before the test, you may drink clear liquids (e.g., water, ginger ale, decaffeinated cola, decaffeinated tea, broth, gelatin) up until the time of the test. However, check first with your doctor. For patients using the powder form of this medicine Dosing: Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the usual amount taken of PEG-electrolyte solution. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so Storage: To store this medicine Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For the PEG-electrolyte solution, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to PEG. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in either humans or animals. Before taking the PEG-electrolyte solution or having a colon examination, make sure your doctor knows if you are pregnant. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether PEG-electrolyte solution passes into breast milk. Although most medicines pass into breast milk in small amounts, many of them may be used safely while breast-feeding. Mothers who are taking this medicine and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor. Children: Although there is no specific information comparing use of PEG-electrolyte solution in children with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in children than it does in adults. Older adults: This medicine has been tested and has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your health care professional if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of PEG-electrolyte solution. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially: Blockage or obstruction of the intestine or Paralytic ileus or Perforated bowel or Toxic colitis or Toxic megacolon PEG-electrolyte solution may make these conditions worse; in some cases the colon may rip open or tear. Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Check with your doctor as soon as possible if the following side effect occurs"
"Porfimer (Systemic)","POR-fi-mer","United States: Photofrin","Porfimer belongs to the group of medicines known as antineoplastics. It is used, together with a special laser light, to treat cancer of the esophagus (the part of the digestive tract that carries food to the stomach) and to treat a form of lung cancer. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form: Parenteral: Injection (U.S.). Proper Use of This Medicine: Treatment with porfimer and laser light occurs in three steps. First, the porfimer is injected into your body. Second, about 2 days later, a laser light is directed at the cancer. Then, about 2 or 3 days after the light is applied, your doctor will remove the cancer cells that have been destroyed. Dosing: The dose of porfimer will be different for different patients. The dose that is used may depend on a number of things, including the patient's weight. If you have any questions about the proper dose of porfimer, ask your doctor. For injection dosage form Before Receiving This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of using the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For porfimer, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to porfimer. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Porfimer has not been studied in humans. However, it has caused harm to the fetus in animals. It is best to use some kind of birth control while you are receiving porfimer. Tell your doctor right away if you think you have become pregnant while receiving this medicine. Breast-feeding: It is not known whether porfimer passes into breast milk. However, because this medicine may cause serious side effects, breast-feeding is generally not recommended while you are receiving it. Children: There is no specific information comparing use of porfimer in children with use in other age groups. Older adults: Porfimer has been studied in elderly patients. It has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems in older people than it does in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are being treated with porfimer, it is important that your health care professional know if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine. Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of porfimer. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: After Receiving This Medicine: For at least 30 days after you receive an injection of porfimer, your eyes will be extra sensitive to light, including sunlight, bright indoor lights, and vehicle headlights. Certain types of sunglasses can help protect your eyes during this time. Check with your doctor about which sunglasses to use. For at least 30 days after you receive an injection of porfimer, your skin will be extra sensitive to sunlight and to very bright indoor lights, such as lamps with unshaded light bulbs and lights in dental offices or operating rooms. Do not expose your skin to direct sunlight or to bright indoor lights during this time. Sunscreens will not protect your skin from a severe reaction to light (blistering, burning, and swelling of the skin). However, exposure to normal amounts of indoor light (for example, daylight or light from lamps with shades) will help use up the porfimer remaining in your skin. Therefore, do not protect your skin from normal amounts of indoor light. If you have any questions about whether the light in your home is too bright, check with your doctor or nurse. Also, ask your doctor or nurse ahead of time about what you should do if a severe reaction to light occurs. Thirty days after receiving an injection of porfimer, test a small portion of your skin by exposing it to sunlight for 10 minutes. (Do not test skin on your face.) If the exposed part of your skin does not become blistered, red, or swollen during the next 24 hours, you can slowly increase your exposure to sunlight and bright indoor lights. If a reaction does occur, wait another 2 weeks, then test your sensitivity to sunlight again. Even after your skin and eyes are no longer sensitive to the lights in your home or the amount of sunlight in the area where you live, you may still be sensitive to brighter levels of light. If you travel to an area where the sunlight is stronger than at home, test yourself again before exposing your skin to the stronger light. Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Coughing, difficulty in swallowing, breathing problems, and problems caused by sensitivity to light have occurred in patients being treated for lung cancer as well as in patients being treated for cancer of the esophagus. Spitting blood has been reported only in patients being treated for lung cancer. The other side effects listed below have occurred only in patients being treated for cancer of the esophagus. The number and kinds of side effects that might occur depend on where in the esophagus the tumor is located and on the size of the tumor. Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur"
"Potassium Iodide (Systemic)","poe-TAS-ee-um EYE-oh-dide","United States: Pima. Canada: Thyro-Block *. Other commonly used names: KI; SSKI","Potassium iodide is used to treat overactive thyroid and to protect the thyroid gland from the effects of radiation from inhaled or swallowed radioactive iodine. It may be used before and after administration of medicine containing radioactive iodine or after accidental exposure to radioactive iodine (for example, from nuclear power plant accidents that involved release of radioactivity to the environment). It may also be used for other problems as determined by your doctor. Potassium iodide is taken by mouth. It may be taken as an oral solution, syrup, uncoated tablet, or enteric-coated delayed-release tablet. However, the delayed-release tablet form may cause serious side effects and its use is generally not recommended. Some brands of the oral solution are available without a prescription. Use them only as directed by state or local public health authorities in case of a radiation emergency. Other forms and strengths of potassium iodide are available only with your doctor's prescription. Potassium iodide is available in the following dosage forms: Oral: Delayed-release tablets (U.S.), Oral solution (U.S.), Syrup (U.S.), Tablets (Canada). Proper Use of This Medicine: If potassium iodide upsets your stomach, take it after meals or with food or milk unless otherwise directed by your doctor. If stomach upset (nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, or diarrhea) continues, check with your doctor. For patients taking this medicine for radiation exposure Dosing: The dose of potassium iodide will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of potassium iodide. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so. The amount of solution or syrup or the number of tablets you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking potassium iodide. For solution dosage form Missed dose: If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses. Storage: To store this medicine Additional Information: Once a medicine has been approved for marketing for a certain use, experience may show that it is also useful for other medical problems. Although these uses are not included in product labeling, potassium iodide is used in certain patients with the following medical conditions Before Using This Medicine: In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For potassium iodide, the following should be considered Allergies: Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to potassium iodide, iodine, or iodine-containing foods. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Pregnancy: Taking potassium during pregnancy may cause thyroid problems or goiter in the newborn infant. Breast-feeding: Potassium iodide passes into the breast milk and may cause skin rash and thyroid problems in nursing babies. Children: Potassium iodide may cause skin rash and thyroid problems in infants. Older adults: Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of potassium iodide in the elderly with use in other age groups, this medicine is not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than in younger adults. Other medicines: Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking potassium iodide, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following Other medical problems: The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of potassium iodide. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially Precautions: While Using This Medicine Side Effects of This Medicine: Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. When this medicine is used for a short time at low doses, side effects usually are rare. Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur"